Oocytes of a single individual of Ciona intestinalis (Roscoff, France) were fertilized by a mixture of sperm of two individuals and development was followed microscopically. Embryos were snapfrozen in liquid nitrogen at the appropriate stage and kept at -80°C. Samples at stage 0, 8, 12, 15, 21, 26 were collected from the same fertilzation, while sample from stage 11 was independently collected from a different individual. Total RNA was prepared with the RNA II kit of Magerey Nagel and the quality was checked with the Bioanalyzer, all samples had a RIN value of higher than 9. Strand specific libraries were constructed and the sequencing (50PE) was performed with Illumina HiSeq 2000 technology (BGI, Hong Kong, China). Reads were aligned onto C.robusta genome and considered to reflect the expression of the C.robusta orthologous genes.

Conversion to Aniseed format of data from Yutaka Satous gene expression profiles of transcription factors and signalling molecule ISH screen (Development. 2004 131:4047-58).

Original annotation :
Gene name :Hox10.
Expression pattern : Unlocalized signal was detected.
Comment : Maternal signal was observed ubiquitously mainly in the early claeving stages (up to the 16-cell stage).

Conversion to Aniseed format of data from Yutaka Satous gene expression profiles of transcription factors and signalling molecule ISH screen (Development. 2004 131:4047-58).

Original annotation :
Gene name :Hox10.
Expression pattern : No distinct zygotic signal was detected.
Comment : Maternal signal was observed ubiquitously mainly in the early claeving stages (up to the 16-cell stage).

Conversion to Aniseed format of data from Yutaka Satou's gene expression profiles of transcription factors and signalling molecule ISH screen (Development. 2004 131:4047-58).

Original annotation :
Gene name :Hox10.
Expression pattern : No distinct zygotic signal was detected

Conversion to Aniseed format of data from Yutaka Satou's gene expression profiles of transcription factors and signalling molecule ISH screen (Development. 2004 131:4047-58).

Original annotation :
Gene name :Hox10.
Expression pattern : No distinct zygotic signal was detected

Conversion to Aniseed format of data from Yutaka Satou's gene expression profiles of transcription factors and signalling molecule ISH screen (Development. 2004 131:4047-58).

Original annotation :
Gene name :Hox10.
Expression pattern : No distinct zygotic signal was detected.

Aniseed annotation :
Staining in the anterior a-line detected on some embryos?

Conversion to Aniseed format of data from Yutaka Satou's gene expression profiles of transcription factors and signalling molecule ISH screen (Development. 2004 131:4047-58).

Original annotation :
Gene name :Hox10.
Expression pattern : unidentifiable.

Aniseed annotation :
a-line?

Conversion to Aniseed format of data from Yutaka Satous gene expression profiles of transcription factors and signalling molecule ISH screen (Development. 2004 131:4047-58).

Original annotation :
Gene name :Hox10.
Expression pattern : unidentifiable.
Comment : Four or more cells in the neural fold express this gene, but their identity cannot be determined.

Conversion to Aniseed format of data from Yutaka Satou's gene expression profiles of transcription factors and signalling molecule ISH screen (Development. 2004 131:4047-58).

Original annotation :
Gene name :Hox10.
Expression pattern : No distinct zygotic signal was detected

Conversion to Aniseed format of data from Yutaka Satous gene expression profiles of transcription factors and signalling molecule ISH screen (Development. 2004 131:4047-58).

Original annotation :
Gene name :Hox10.
Expression pattern : epidermis.
Comment : epidermis in the dorsal and anterior region of the tail.

Lateral view of a mid tailbud stage wild type embryo probed for Ci-Hox10 expression. This picture shows 2 regions of expression: one was a small region of the anterior nerve cord and the other was a small area in the posterior ventral endoderm and the adjacent tissue the endodermal strand (en, endoderm; ens, endordermal strand).

Lateral view of a late tailbud stage wild type embryo probed for Ci-Hox10 expression. This picture shows expression in 2 regions: One in a small region of the anterior nerve cord and the other in the posterior ventral endoderm and the adjacent tissue endodermal strand.

Expression of a lacZ reporter gene driven by a putative Ci-Hox10 enhancer shown by WISH at the late tailbud stage. Percentages of samples with positive reporter signals in the anterior nerve cord (black arrow) is shown at the bottom right.

Original Annotation:
The construct recapitulated the endogenous expression of Ci-Hox10 in the anterior dorsal nerve cord with a frequency of 28% (n=21) for X-gal staining and 33% (n=32) for WISH at the late tailbud stage.

Expression of a lacZ reporter gene driven by a putative Ci-Hox10 enhancer shown by X-gal staining at the late tailbud stage.
Percentages of samples with positive reporter signals in the anterior nerve cord (black arrow) is shown at the bottom right.

Original Annotation:
The construct recapitulated the endogenous expression of Ci-Hox10 in the anterior dorsal nerve cord with a frequency of 28% (n=21) for X-gal staining and 33% (n=32) for WISH at the late tailbud stage.

Lateral view of a tadpole stage wild type embryo probed for Ci-Hox10 expression. Expression was observed only in the left ventral endoderm.

Expression of a lacZ reporter gene driven by a putative Ci-Hox10 enhancer shown by X-gal staining at the larval stage. Percentages of samples with positive reporter signals in the anterior nerve cord (black arrow) is shown at the bottom right.

Original Annotation:
At the larval stage, X-gal staining was detected in the dorsal visceral ganglion in 24% (n=21) of the injected specimens; however, the transcriptional signal of lacZ gene was not detected at this stage (n=21), and thus this is likely to represent carry-over of the beta-galactosidase protein from the tailbud stage.

Aniseed Annotation :
It seems that there also staining in the tail epidermis.

Expression of a lacZ reporter gene driven by a putative Ci-Hox10 enhancer shown by WISH at the larval stage.

Original Annotation:
At the larval stage, X-gal staining was detected in the dorsal visceral ganglion in 24% (n=21) of the injected specimens; however, the transcriptional signal of lacZ gene was not detected at this stage (n=21), and thus this is likely to represent carry-over of the beta-galactosidase protein from the tailbud stage.

Young adult stage wild type embryo probed for Ci-Hox10 expression. Expression was detected in the anterior bulged part of the intestine (int, intestine).

Expression signals were assessed by whole-mount in situ hybridization (WISH) and the NBT/BCIP coloring system under the stereomicroscope.
A. Representation of a 2– to 3-week-old Ciona juvenile, left side view (anterior, as atrial siphon, bs branchial sac, d dorsal, epc epicardium, endostyle, esp esophagus, int intestine, nc neural complex, os oral siphon, rpb retropharyngeal band, p posterior, pj protruding structures of the pharyngeal esophagus junction, st stomach, stg stigma, v ventral).
Hox10 expression near the bulged part of the intestine. Bar 500 μm
“In 2– to 3-week-old juvenile specimens, the differential expression patterns of all genes in the ascidian Hox cluster were detected via a stereo microscope”

Expression signals were assessed by whole-mount in situ hybridization (WISH) and the NBT/BCIP coloring system under the stereomicroscope. Bar 100 μm
“Expression of Hox10 (c) is observed next to Hox6 expression and is mainly observed in the bulged part of the intestine.”

Strict expression patterns of Hox10 are not observed in the juvenile neural complex (cf ciliated funnel, cg cerebral ganglion, ng neural gland). Bar 20 μm.